Under 14 CFR § 107.12, a person who does not hold a remote pilot certificate may manipulate the flight controls of a small UAS only if —

Why: 14 CFR § 107.12(a)(2) allows an uncertificated person to manipulate the flight controls only if "that person is under the direct supervision of a remote pilot in command and the remote pilot in command has the ability to immediately take direct control of the flight of the small unmanned aircraft."

• Treats one-time, pre-takeoff permission as sufficient, but § 107.12(a)(2) requires continuous direct supervision and the ability to immediately take control throughout the flight, not a single verbal authorization.
• Substitutes the remote pilot in command's own aeronautical knowledge recency requirement (§ 107.65) for the direct-supervision standard that § 107.12(a)(2) applies to an uncertificated person manipulating the controls.